The military Beetle

Initially called the Porsche 60 by Ferdinand Porsche, it was officially named the KdF-Wagen when the project was launched. The name refers to Kraft durch Freude (Strength Through Joy), the official leisure organization in the Third Reich. It was later known as the Type 1, but became more commonly known as the Beetle after World War II.

Prototypes appeared from 1931 onwards; the first prototypes were produced by Zündapp in Nürnberg, Germany, the Porsche Type 12. Next prototype series (Porsche Typ 32) was built in 1933 by NSU, another motorcycle company.

In October 1935 the first Type 60 was ready. 1935 the testing of the “V 3″ started. The “VW30″ Prototypes awaited further testing in 1937. All cars already had the distinctive round shape and the air-cooled, rear-mounted engine, except for the Type 12, Zündapp preferred a 5-cylinder radial watercooled engine.

The factory had only produced a handful of cars by the time war started in 1939. Consequently, the first volume-produced versions of the car’s chassis were military vehicles, the Kübelwagen Typ 82 (approx. 52,000 built) and the amphibious Schwimmwagen Typ 166 (approx. 14,000 built).

The car was designed to be as simple as possible mechanically, so that there was less to go wrong; the aircooled 985 cc 25 horsepower (19 kW) motors proved especially effective in actions of the German Afrika Korps in Africa’s desert heat. This was due to the built-in oil-cooler, and the superior performance of the flat-4 engine configuration. The innovative suspension design used compact torsion bars instead of coil or leaf springs.

The city of Stadt des KdF-Wagens was created in Lower Saxony in 1938 for the benefit of the workers at the factory.

A handful of civilian-specific Beetles were produced, primarily for the Nazi elite, in the years 1940–1945, but production figures were small. In response to gasoline shortages, a few wartime “Holzbrenner” Beetles were fueled by wood pyrolysis gas producers under the hood. In addition to the Kübelwagen, Schwimmwagen, and handful of others, the factory managed another wartime vehicle: the Kommandeurwagen; a Beetle body mounted on the Kübelwagen chassis.

A total of 669 Kommandeurwagens were produced until 1945, when all production was halted due to heavy damage sustained in Allied air raids on the factory. Much of the essential equipment had already been moved to underground bunkers for protection, allowing production to resume quickly once hostilities had ended.

The people’s cars

Starting in 1931, Ferdinand Porsche and Zündapp developed the “Auto für Jedermann” (car for the everyman). This was the first time the name “Volkswagen” was used. Porsche already preferred the flat-4 cylinder engine, but Zündapp used a watercooled 5-cylinder radial engine. In 1932, three prototypes were running.[2] All of those cars were lost during the war; the last in 1945 in Stuttgart during a bombing raid.

In 1933, Adolf Hitler submitted sketches[citation needed] to Ferdinand Porsche of a proposed “Volks-Wagen” (the name means “people’s car” in German, in which it is pronounced [ˈfolksvagən]), a basic vehicle that should be capable of transporting two adults and three children at a speed of 100 km/h (62 mph). The People’s Car would be made available to citizens of the Third Reich through a savings scheme at 990 Reichsmark, about the price of a small motorcycle at the time (an average income being around 32RM/week).[3]

Hitler’s commissioning of the “People’s Car” did not necessitate a clean-sheet car design. Ferdinand Porsche formulated the original parameters of a car design similar to the final production version of the Beetle several years before it was commissioned, and had built working prototypes by 1931. Erwin Komenda, Porsche’s chief designer, was responsible for the design and styling of the car. Production only became financially viable, however, when it was backed by the Third Reich. War broke out before the large-scale production of the “People’s Car” could commence, and manufacturing capacity was shifted to producing military vehicles. Production of civilian VW automobiles did not start until after the post-war occupation began.

Beetle derivatives

While production of the standard Beetle continued, a Type 1 variant called the Super Beetle, produced from model year 1971 to 1979 (1302s from 1971 to 1972, and 1303s from 1973 onwards), offered MacPherson strut front suspension, better turning radius (despite having a 20 mm (3/4 in) longer wheelbase), and approximately double the usable space in the front luggage compartment, due to the stretched “nose” of the vehicle and relocation of the spare tire from a vertical to a horizontal position.

1972 Super Beetles had a slightly larger rear window, larger front brakes, and four rows of vents on the engine lid. The tail lights now incorporated reversing lights. The front seats incorporated headrests, and the steering wheel was changed to four spokes for safety reasons. A socket for the VW Dealer Diagnosis was fitted inside the engine compartment.

In 1973, a padded dashboard, 2-speed heater fan, higher rear mudguards, a more aerodynamically curved windscreen and larger tail lights (nicknamed ‘elephant’s feet’) were added.

1975 and later Super Beetles had rack and pinion steering, and a larger license plate lamp housing below the engine lid. The front indicators were moved into the bumper bars on European models. Carburetors were replaced by Air Flow Control (AFC) Fuel Injection on U. S. and Canadian Beetles, a derivative of the more complex Bosch fuel injection system used in the Volkswagen Type III.

In 1976, the Super Beetle and 1300 were discontinued (though convertibles remained Super Beetles) and replaced with an ‘improved’ standard Beetle with 1600cc engine, IRS rear suspension, front disc brakes, blinkers in the front bumpers, elephant’s foot tail lights and rubber inserts in the bumper bars.

The Super Beetle (VW 1302 and 1303 series, also called Type 113) is not the only Type 1 variant; other VWs under the Type 1 nomenclature include the Karmann Ghia and the VW 181 utility vehicle, as well as the Brasilia and the Australian Country Buggy (locally produced in Australia using VW parts).

The Type 2 transporter (“bus”) is based on the Beetle T1 platform with very similar mechanicals, but with a box shaped body and driver placed over the front wheels. This variant would inspire a generation of compact vans, and later minivans in capacity and size.

Also, as mentioned below, Type 3 and Type 4 were all developments of the original Porsche design.

BEETLE

The Volkswagen Type 1, more commonly known as the Beetle Bug, is an economy car produced by the German auto maker Volkswagen from 1938 until 2003. Although the names “Beetle” and “Bug” were quickly adopted by the public, it was not until August of 1967 that VW itself began using the name Beetle in marketing materials in the US.

In Britain, VW never used the name Beetle officially. It had only been known only as either the “Type I” or as the 1100 (eleven-hundred), 1200 (twelve-hundred), 1300 (thirteen-hundred) or 1500 (fifteen-hundred), which had been the names under which the vehicle was marketed in Europe; the numbers denoted the vehicle’s engine size in cubic centimetres. In 1998, many years after the original model had been dropped from the lineup in most of the world (production continued in Mexico until 2003), VW introduced the “New Beetle” (built on a Volkswagen Golf Mk4 platform) which bore a cosmetic resemblance to the original.

Its peculiar styling, underpowered motor, rough ride, and high noise levels compared to modern vehicles might have made it a market failure. In its day, though, it was more comfortable and powerful than most European small cars, and ultimately the longest-running and most-produced automobile of a single design (a record that will not take long to be beaten by its younger “cousin” the Type-2 Bus or Kombi, which is still in production in Brazil, with the same basic characteristics of the first series). It remained a top seller in the US, even as rear-wheel drive conventional subcompacts were refined, and eventually replaced by front-wheel drive models. The Beetle car was the benchmark for both generations of American compact cars such as the Chevrolet Corvair, and subcompact cars such as the Ford Pinto and Chevrolet Vega. In the international poll for the award of the world’s most influential car of the twentieth century the Beetle came fourth after the Ford Model T, the Mini, and the Citroën DS.

VW COMBI

VW Combi consists of 3 types: 

; VW DAKOTA 

; VW COMBI

; VW BRASIL

 1. VW Dakota, 
 2. VW Combi, 
 3. VW Brazil  
VW Combi Dakota and differences can be seen from the front kacadepannya, where the windscreen VW Dakota menyusung divisive model 2 with a flat surface while the VW Combi has 1 pieces of glass with curved surfaces. While the surface of the windshield on the VW Combi Brazil shaped curve with the glass model and the box next to the middle like a closet door opening and VW Dakota was first launched in 1951 while the Combi in 1968. Viewed from the type: Dakota VW type consists of 26 type, manufactured from year 1951 till 1967 VW Combi only consisted of 11 type, manufactured from 1968 until 1979. VW Brazil, or who is better known by the name Combras produced from 1981 until 1985. Advantages: - VW Combi Machine t8idak vehicle using water as
 other vehicles. - Softer suspension than other types Another type minibuses which have the same year - Interior and exterior is simple and attractive.
For those of you who have the desire to buy a VW Combi car resale here are a few tips you can consider:  
1. Check the status of mail vehicles, such as frame and engine numbers in BPKP / vehicle registration must be the same as those listed in the vehicle.  
2. Check the engine oil leaks with the view to the under the machine, whether the oil leak very much if only seepage occurs only does it not need to worry about.  
3. Check the physical origin of these kendaraaan, such as body side, the sliding door or sliding door, door pillars, front cabin because, in general if it never bumped hard cabin will not form a perfect front.  
4. Do not forget to check the engine such as encouraging physical and interesting parts of the machine pulley to see if there is looseness deeply felt or not, if there is a lot of leeway which biased snagat due to the engine block had worn a result of usage, the result sounds the engine is not smooth. 
 5. Check also the position of front and rear wheels, the system spiling clutch and brakes and steering. 
 For treatment there are several things that must be considered one of them is the replacement of engine oil regularly and it is advisable to do replacement of oil at a special shop VW. Another thing that must be taken into consideration is the exhaust, if leakage occurs immediately or soon to do the welding replace it with a physical baru.Keadaan gasoline hoses should also be examined periodic, high-level leaks that could result in fire on a machine.

History

History

The origin of this car comes from the era of Nazi Germany in the 1930s. Adolf Hitler wanted private vehicles could be available to the general public, and assigns an engineer, Ferdinand Porsche, to design the vehicle. Hitler require that vehicles must be capable of transporting two adults and three young children, at a speed of 100 km / h, and the price can not exceed the price of the motorcycle luggage rack price plus side of the motorcycle at the time.
The actual car designers are still controversial, because although officially Ferdinand Porsche was the designer, in the 1920s, Joseph Ganz has designed a similar car. The car is smaller and cheaper, but car-makers are not interested, just two motorcycle manufacturers who are interested. Adler Maikäfer produce, and produce Superior Standard, and campaigned in the ad as 'Der Deutsche Volkswagen' (the German people's car).
When the Nazis came to power, they like Superior, but not long later, Joseph Ganz put into prison. (He later fled to Switzerland). Ganz dipenjaranya possible reasons is because the Nazis knew that he was a Jew. Nazi government then approached the Porsche, who designed a prototype car that is similar to Superior, called Käfer. According to Volkswagen, Ganz has not only designed the car with a similar design, and Käfer itself is not designed based on the design of Ganz.
Volkswagen company can survive after World War to the efforts of a British soldier, Major Ivan Hirst. After the war, Hirst was ordered to head the factory that has been corrupted and controlled by the Allies bombarded the United States. Starting with its dispose unexploded bomb caught in the machinery of production, he then managed to convince the British armed forces to order 20,000 cars. In 1946, the factory has to produce 1000 cars per month.
Production of the VW Beetle "Type 1st" grown rapidly from year to year, and in 1954 reached 1 million cars. In 1973, production has reached 16 million, and the popularity of cars has spread to various parts of the world. This car has a different nickname for each country, his name is usually a term that tries to describe a unique form: Käfer in Germany; Sedan, then Fusca in Brazil; Coccinelle in France; S? A?? (Scathari meaning beetle) or S? A? Aßa? (Scaraveos, which means beetle species Scarabaeidae) in Greece; Maggiolino Italy; sedan or Vocho Mexico; Kever of the Netherlands; kotseng Cuba (which means 'hunchback car's back') / "pagong" (the turtles) in the Philippines; Garbus ( which means 'Hunchback') in Poland; Brouk in the Czech Republic; Carocha in Portugal; Escarabajo in Spain and Latin America; Hipushit in Israel? t ?????? (Kostenurka) in Bulgaria (which means turtle); ?????? (Ag-ru-ga) in Iraq; Boble (bubble) in Norway; Buba in Croatia; Bug in the United States, and certainly Frog in Indonesia.

Uncovering History Beetle VW Beetle Car

Ambition two automotive companies of Germany Porsche-Volkswagen trying to one another 'caplok' still going on even after they were declared the merger. But behind all that, did you know that in history, the big names they are very difficult to be separated.
A recent history of Volkswagen Beetle known as a very complicated and long to tell. It began on June 22, 1934 when the German domestic automotive industry associations encourage Porsche to build the Volkswagen (People's Car in German).

The next day on June 23 became the most historic day for both the name. Because 75 years ago to coincide with this date, the German government at that time led by the Fuhrer, Adolf Hitler gave the order to Ferdinand Porsche to build a simple car concept.
Order Hitler is people's car that can carry five people (two adults and three children), the velocity 100km/jam, 14km/liter consume fuel at a price no more expensive than riding a motorcycle side.

Then made the concept of the embryo when it was Beetle called Kraft durch Freude-Wagen (KdF-Wagen), the city where this car was made given the name KdF-Stadt. KdF-Wagen poured in 30 prototype in 1937 and marketed beginning in 1938 but stopped after a time to produce 630 units due to World War II in 1939.
To temporarily diverted its factory facilities to produce vehicles like the Kubelwagen war (jeep) and Schwimmwagen (amphibious vehicle). Year 1942 came from the base Kommandeurwagen KdF-Wagen having a four roda/4x4.

Germany's defeat on the allies (UK, France, Russia and the U.S.) makes the country divided. KdF-Stadt dominated the British Army and for their intervention and then change the name of the city to Wolfsburg. Volkswagen Vehicles for civil society began to be produced again before the World War II ended, precisely in the summer of 1945.
Civilian vehicle was also changed its name to Volkswagen or VW Beetle Kafer (in Indonesia is popularly known as the VW Beetle). Then this vehicle has become popular thanks to its simplicity, toughness and a long list of other kelabihan and scattered in various parts of the world.
Therefore, this unique vehicle has many nicknames such as:
* Kafer in Germany, Austria and Switzerland* Pulga in Colombia* Coccinelle or Kever in Belgium* Vocho or Vochito in Mexico* Fusca in Brazil* Escarabajo in Argentina* Map of Bolivia* Folcika in Bosnia - Herzegovina* Косτенурка (Kostenurka), Бръмбар (Brambar) in Bulgaria* Buba in Croatia* Brouk in the Republic Cheko* Maggiolino in Italy* Kabuto-Mushi in Japanese* Turtle or Frog in MalaysiaKever in the Netherlands ** Pendong in Philippines* Фольксваген-жук (Folksvagen-Zhuk) in Russia
                    

In fact there are many other title names sometimes not just one. For instance in Indonesia other than the VW Beetle and the VW Beetle, he was also dubbed by our parents as a VW Sedan (although not as popular as the VW Beetle and VW Beetle).
To commemorate the history of travel at the same time affirm and strengthen the name of his Porsche, Porsche museum held an exhibition on June 23 until July 31. This exhibition is dedicated to celebrating the 75th anniversary of the VW Beetle concept such orders. In this exhibition displayed photographs of the original prototype with people who have been behind the birth of Ferdinand Porsche's Beetle included.

Here I include photos VW car design planning process from the beginning until the year 1936:

> 1932 VolksWagen Beetle Type 12 (Zundapp)

> 1933 VolksWagen Beetle V570 Prototype

> 193X VolksWagen Beetle Series 3

> 193X VolksWagen Beetle Series 3 Cabriolet

  
> 193X VolksWagen Beetle V-1 Experimental Chassis

  
> 1936 VolksWagen Beetle Daimler Benz Cabriolet